{"id":756,"date":"2010-11-15T08:22:33","date_gmt":"2010-11-15T07:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.joseph-wresinski.org\/zh\/article415415\/"},"modified":"2025-06-19T11:39:55","modified_gmt":"2025-06-19T09:39:55","slug":"article415415","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.joseph-wresinski.org\/zh\/article415415\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8d64\u8ca7\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5c0e\u5411\u884c\u52d5\u8207\u596e\u9b25\u7684\u77e5\u8b58"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u8d64\u8ca7\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5c0e\u5411\u884c\u52d5\u8207\u596e\u9b25\u7684\u77e5\u8b58<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La pens\u00e9e des plus pauvres dans une connaissance qui conduise au combat<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u300c\u8ca7\u7aae\u8207\u793e\u6703\u6027\u6392\u65a5\u7814\u7a76\u5e38\u8a2d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u300d<\/strong> <strong>\u7684\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u5f15\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>1980\u5e7412\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7d44\u7e54\u5927\u6703\u5802<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u82e5\u745f\u2027\u8d6b\u5fcd\u65af\u57fa(Joseph Wresinski)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u5c0d\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u77e5\u8b58\u578b\u614b\u4e92\u88dc\u7684\u77e5\u8b58<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u578b\u614b\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u9593\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u56f0\u96e3<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8d64\u8ca7\u8005\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea7\u79d8\u5bc6\u82b1\u5712<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u529b\u633a\u8d64\u8ca7\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5e73\u53cd\u5b83\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4f4d\u5b50<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u884c\u52d5\u5718\u968a\u7684\u77e5\u8b58<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u7d50\u8a9e\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u884c\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u59d4\u54e1\u6703<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6b61\u8fce\u4e26\u611f\u8b1d\u5927\u5bb6\u4eca\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u572812\u6708\u9019\u500b\u6d3b\u52d5\u6eff\u6a94\u7684\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u61c9\u9080\u524d\u4f86\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5927\u6703\u5802\uff0c\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u611f\u8b1d\u5728\u5834\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u3001\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u60a8\u5011\u4ee3\u8868\u5404\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u901925\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u97ff\u61c9\u7b2c\u56db\u4e16\u754c\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u865f\u53ec\uff0c\u8207\u6211\u5011\u5206\u4eab\u6182\u616e\u8207\u5e0c\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e16\u754c\u57281960\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u6210\u7acb\u5c08\u5c6c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u5f9e\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u7ffb\u958b\u65b0\u9801\uff0c\u63a5\u5f85\u5404\u65b9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u7db2\u7d61\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u4ee5\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u8207\u904b\u52d5\u500b\u5225\u5408\u4f5c\u30021964\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u90fd\u6709\u5171\u8b58\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5718\u968a\u7684\u540d\u7fa9\u767c\u8a00\u548c\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u4e92\u76f8\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u5c0d\u5468\u906d\u4e16\u754c\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1980\u5e7412\u6708\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u5718\u968a\u548c\u5e38\u8a2d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u9f4a\u805a\u4e00\u5802\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u4e16\u754c\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u904e\u7684\u4e8b\uff1b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7279\u5225\u7684\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u300c\u5e38\u8a2d\u300d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5df2\u6709\u597d\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u540c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\uff0c\u76f4\u52301979\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u624d\u516c\u958b\u5ba3\u4f48\u5fc5\u9700\u5728\u570b\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u6301\u4e45\u6295\u5165\u7684\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u52a0\u4e58\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u53ca\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u767c\u63ee\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4eca\u65e9\uff0c\u5728\u8aa0\u646f\u5730\u6b61\u8fce\u5404\u4f4d\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u8981\u8ac7\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u300c\u8ca7\u7aae\u8207\u793e\u6703\u6392\u9664\u7814\u7a76\u5e38\u8a2d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u300d\u8a95\u751f\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u4ea6\u975e\u5176\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff1b\u9019\u4e9b\uff0c\u5f9e1979\u5e7410\u6708\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u5728\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u53ca\u9644\u5c6c\u7684\u5718\u968a\u88e1\u8a0e\u8ad6\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5171\u540c\u601d\u8003\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u5df2\u8a18\u9304\u5728\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u8981\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u8ac7\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u78ba\u5207\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9805\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u4e16\u754c\u904b\u52d5\u4e4b\u524d\u4efb\u4f55\u5718\u968a\u6240\u6c92\u6709\u7684(\u64da\u6211\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u7403\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6a5f\u69cb\u64c1\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u60f3\u8aaa\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u7fa9\u52d9)\u3002\u7279\u56f0\u8005\u5c0d\u81ea\u8eab\u8655\u5883\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u9580\u7368\u4e00\u7121\u4e8c\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u8ca7\u7aae\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u8b93\u4f4d\u7d66\u9019\u9580\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u70ba\u5b83\u5e73\u53cd\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5728\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u9818\u57df\u61c9\u8a72\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u3001\u7368\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u88dc\u5145\u4ed6\u7a2e\u77e5\u8b58\u578b\u614b\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1b\u8acb\u52d9\u5fc5\u5354\u52a9\u4fc3\u6210\u9019\u9580\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0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War on Poverty\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7bc7\u5c08\u9580\u4ee5\u7aae\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u6b77\u53f2\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u66f4\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8207\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u6838\u5fc3\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>\u7aae\u4eba\u651c\u624b\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u76f4\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5c0d\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u76ee\u5171\u7779\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u57281960\u5e74\u4ee3\u6240\u8b02\u798f\u5229\u793e\u6703\u69ae\u666f\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55<strong>\u95dc\u65bc\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\uff0c\u7aae\u4eba\u5728\u773e\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u9700\u6c42\u8207\u5331\u4e4f\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u4e8b\u60c5\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c0d\u7aae\u4eba\u6975\u5927\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u64d4\u5fc3\u7aae\u4eba\u88ab\u6a19\u7c64\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6b67\u8996\u8207\u6392\u64e0\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u516c\u5e73\u3001\u660e\u667a\u55ce\uff1f\u5927\u5bb6\u662f\u5426\u610f\u8b58\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8eab\u4efd\u98fd\u85cf\u4e0d\u61c8\u7684\u97cc\u6027\u8207\u96e3\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u5c0a\u56b4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u8eab\u4efd\u5c0d\u6574\u500b\u793e\u6703\u4f86\u8aaa\u860a\u542b\u4e00\u4efd\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u9019\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u96c6\u7d50\u7684\u8d64\u8ca7\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u5c0e\u4e86\u6211\u5011\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u8ddf\u4ed6\u5011\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u793e\u6703\u6027\u6307\u6a19\u201d\uff08indicateurs 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href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>\u90a3\u6bb5\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u7aae\u4eba\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u9019\u5834\u596e\u6230\u7684\u300c\u6838\u5fc3\u529b\u91cf\u300d(hard-core)hard-core\uff0c\u6309\u5b57\u9762\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8ca7\u7aae\u6700\u5805\u786c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u805a\u96c6\u4e86\u6700\u96e3\u4ee5\u89f8\u53ca\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8d64\u8ca7\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5c0e\u5411\u884c\u52d5\u8207\u596e\u9b25\u7684\u77e5\u8b58  (&#8230;) <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.joseph-wresinski.org\/zh\/article415415\/\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span 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